

Greta and Hermann
Greta and Hermann
Captain Hubert Daniel contributed to the tangible heritage of the Hutchinson Camp as he kept a photographic record of the artists work, one of which is ‘Interned’ a linocut by Hermann Fechenbach.
The image 'Interned' is mistakenly seen as the Isle of Man, while it was cut there in 1940 it is not of the Isle of Man, but of a disused factory that was converted into a prison in Bury. This was before Hermann was sent on to Liverpool prison and finally on to the Hutchinson Camp.
Below, I believe is a photo of M Max Fechenbach, Hermann’s father, in uniform. Hermann, his father, his brother Siegfried and cousin Julius all fought in World War One.
Your Ocean Blue Eyes
Deep are the seas
Will dive into seas
I have sailed the seas
Will leave the seas
You can see the reflection of Hermann and Grete, also the camera to the right.
It strange to feel that I have become the guardian of the writings of Margarethe (Greta Batzke) Fechenbach. I will have to make a complete part of the www.hermannfechenbach.com dedicated to Grete’s work.
Here is a song from the archive that has been placed in my care, it’s called ‘One Word From You’ and dated August 1949.
One Word From You.
One word from you
My darling say it
I am so lonely
Sweetheart I love you
One word from you
A little lamb
The cat was out
The dog a stouthearted
The stick is not
The fire fenced up
The rain can be fruitful
The ox who saw
The butcher watched
The death who always
The angel of light
HERMANN FECHENBACH by Alice Schwab
The death in December last of my former teacher (in Stuttgart) breaks another link in the chain of German-Jewish artists who found refuge from Nazi tyranny in this country. Hermann Fechenbach was born in 1897 in Bad Mergentheim, Wiirttemberg, where his father ran a family Gasthof und Metzgerei which was also the social centre of a venerable but now defunct Jewish community. Fechenbach described and beautifully illustrated the history of his family and of the Mergentheim community in Die Letzten Mergentheimer Juden (Stuttgart, 1972).
From an early age Fechenbach showed promise as an artist, but his family did not consider this to be a suitable career for a good Jewish boy. So he went into commerce and quickly attained recognition as a window-dresser. Then came the War and he was badly wounded with the loss of his left leg. His father now relented and allowed him to adopt an artistic career. After studying in Stuttgart and Munich, he eventually established himself in Stuttgart where he painted in the Neue Sachlichkeit style.
In 1933 his name was removed from the official register of artists and he was forbidden to exhibit publicly. Eventually he and his wife Grete Batze, a professional photographer, settled in Palestine. But the new environment did not agree with them. Grete came to England on a domestic permit in 1939 and he followed a few months later. He resumed his painting and engraving and managed to arrange for his parents to emigrate to South America, though his twin sister died in a concentration camp.
On release from internment in 1941 Fechenbach, sponsored by Dr. Bela Horowitz, had his first English exhibition in Oxford in 1942. This was followed by numerous exhibitions at the Anglo-Palestine Club, the Ben Uri Art Society and on the Embankment. Although these exhibitions were well received, his style was not to the popular taste. He was a cripple, shy, retiring and had great difficulty with English. Nevertheless, in 1969 he published Genesis, the First Book of Moses with 137 of his own wood engravings. Copies of this most interesting work are still available for sale at the Ben Uri Art Society. His wife who had been ill for many years died in 1983; he remarried in 1984.
After years of silence, his work once again received public acclaim at the end of his life. A major exhibition was held at Blond Fine Art in 1985, of which the Times wrote 'his powerful graphic style comes from the same roots as those of Käthe Kollwitz and is often fired by the same anger ... He is clearly an artist to be reckoned with'.
We would like to thank Dr. Frank-Michael Lange who kindly sent us a number of documents which I am now in process of translating and then will build a better picture of the events in Hermann's life.
Here is a rough translation:
10/01/1950
Dr. Rosenthal,
Dear Dr. Rosenthal Your recommendation Mr Court Judge Dr. Koehler, thank you. I would be very grateful if you would take over the representation of my claims for redress. It is primarily about my 75% heavy war-disabled pension, which already according Dr. Koehler, the regulated compensation was set by 16/08/1949.
A copy of the Regional District office, Stuttgart, as well as the letter of Dr. Koehler I enclose.
Next relates to the redress my bank balance, and the losses that we had, after my wife Grete Batzke, was forced to give up our photo studio, Stuttgart, Schlossstr. 27. Through the photographic studio, we had a month after deductions of our expenses, an income of Mk 200 -, the resolution was made on the first of April, 1936, and we had no opportunity to sell the studio.
1939 after we sent our photo devices, my studio equipment and our furniture to Heifa, Palestine, in a container, as we were promised a certificate which, however, was not true, and so, with nothing as refugees arrived in England in May 1939.
To cover the expenses and storage, we have lost the greatest part of our possessions in Haifa.
My brother Julius Fechenbach, Bad Mergentheim, which is in possession of a general power of attorney from me, I'll be using the same mail instruct you to send the necessary powers.
Thank you in advance, greets you with all due respect
Hermann Fechenbach
Photo of the inside of the synagogue.
During the events of November 9th and 10th, 1938 called the “Kristallnacht” or “Night of Broken Glass” the Nazis destroyed almost all Jewish synagogues in Germany. The only synagogue believed to have escaped the destroying rage of the Nazis is at Bad Mergentheim, in southern Germany, Hermann Fechenbach’s family home town.
See earlier post.
Here is a copy of the text from the letter from the new Mayor of Bad Mergentheim, Dr. Karl Herz to Chaplain Aaron Kahan, dated 4th May 1945.
To the Honorable Rabbi, Bad Mergentheim:
Sir: As Mayor of the Municipality of Bad Mergentheim, I have the honor to present to you the keys of the Synagogue of the former Jewish Community. By a particular chance, this synagogue was "prevented" from being demolished like all others in Germany because a setting on fire of this building would have caused great danger to the whole town. But I still feel a much greater joy that I am able to present to you the Holy of the Holies of the Jewish Community which the last head handed over to a faithful Catholic, giving him the instruction to hide it until Jews would be again in Bad Mergentheim. Unfortunately the Jews who resided formerly here are scattered in all directions of the world or dead. I can assure you that the greater part of the population of Bad Mergentheim did not take part in this terrible misdeeds and that they saw with inward wrath this crime which dishonors our German people for all times. I hope that many of our Jewish residents might come back and that they, as far as they are still living, might collaborate with us in order to rebuild a free and better Germany, delivered from the nazi-plague and from racial and national hatred. I am greeting you in the name of the Municipality of Bad Mergentheim and I remain with the greatest respect, yours.
Signature Dr. Karl HerzAmongst the Jewish American GI’s who helped put back the synagogue at the end of April and beginning of May 1945, and took part in the first services was Bernard Beckman of the 254th Infantry who's daughter Sharon Beckman contact us, she is putting together a history of her family and father Bernard Beckman. We are most thankful to her for this information. As are we also most grateful to Matt Selig, son of August Selig who was a merchant in groceries in Bad Mergentheimin the 1930’s and a friend of Hermann, for additional information that he sent us. All of which are helping us build a more complete history of the time.
The synagogue was demolished in 1970 and currently a school sits on the site.
This photo was taken in 1946 and is part of our collection.
I will be posting pictures of our recent visit to Bad Mergentheim.
This is one of my favourite lino prints from the War Criminals of Goebbels done in 1944 and cut while interned on the Isle of man. Who said, “We must govern well, and to govern well you need food propaganda. The two things go hand in hand. Good government without propaganda is unthinkable, as is good propaganda without good government”. Sounds just like today's government.
29.01.1980
Mr. Hermann Fechenbach
" Glenwood " 23 Nightingale Way Denham Uxbridge ( Mddx ) EnglandYour sincerely
Photo taken during our recent visit to Bad Mergentheim of Kelliyon Square where the Fechenbach family had their home and business. The buildings where demolished in the 1970's as was a lot of old Bad Mergentheim before the heritage of the town was consider over development. Hermann's print of the same square.
My thanks to Peter Harrington, Curator, Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library.
http://library.brown.edu/cds/askb//index.html
Dear Mr. Fechenbach,
First, I must introduce myself. I am the youngest of the twelve Fröhlich children from Bad Mergentheim. You will not be able to remember me as I was born when we have to "thank the German fatherland for the certainty of war,"-
During a visit with my brother Jacob the request came as a war party to the First World War on your work, a to write book about the last Mergentheimer Jews, and your request, if possible, to contribute material to this topic After reading about Italy until 1940 (the last legal time before declaring war between Italy and England). Many student with certificate emigrated from Mergentheim, there are few things I still remember from that time on.
We sold all our belongings in 1939 and after living in Germany could no longer live as Jew (the Nuremberg Laws), my dear mother and I, we are looking for accommodation we found a room at Miss Westheimer (Ochsengasse or Wettgrass next to City Hall). I admire today, as then, my almost 70 year old mother in a barely heated room (no one dared for us to repair the old stove, and it was a bitterly cold winter) and to get used to the primitive sanitary facilities. (She had probably used later on far worse.) Our "march" on the Holzapfelgrasse we taken with Jacob Fisch, who had tried shortly before to commit suicide by taking a large dose of sleeping pills but was rescued by hospital treatment. Cynical, mocking laughter accompanied our kids wagon march with all the things-most. Miss Miltenberg woman who had sold the Fechenbach Inn to a greengrocer, had shortly before accounted that she had just found Miss Sara Rothschild shot on Holzapfelgrasse.
We held our last small simple service of worship of Jom Kippur and Rosch Haschonoh – in a very depressed mood after the evil which had either destroyed or closed the synagogues in Germany.
When the food cards where tossed around I was never been accosted and even got an extra ration of eggs instead of meat ration even for my suffering mother. A farmer's daughter Rüdenauer (former neighbors) at night had secretly brought my mother some necessary food, even then a dangerous proposition.
When I emigrated in 1940 (with only hand luggage), I had brought my mother to Nüremberg with the best hope that soon my good mother would get, as her parents had applied for, a certificate to English for my mother and my siblings. The possibility of inhumane deportations would then, in 1940, no one would have believed. Maybe you can from Mrs. Carlé (drugstore at the Town Hall), which until recently had a friendly relationship with his wife Annette Rothschild, learn about the last Mergentheim Jews. Perhaps the butcher Adam Lochner (Hozapfelgrasse) may have seen a large part the last events of the Jewish community in Mergentheimer.
Perhaps some of this above material is suitable for your work. Sincerely yours
Getta Kellermann born Fröhlich
It was financially and emotionally very difficult for years in our immigration in August 1938, all my powers have exhausted prematurely and undermine my earlier indestructible translucent health. Where Hugo is concerned, unfortunately this kind brother has been snatched from us suddenly over 9 years ago in the middle of full activity after a heart attack. Hugo's daughter from his first marriage to Maja, Gisela-Miriam, who had inherited the great grace and loveliness of her mother, has achieved a certain notoriety as Israel's first beauty queen. Our beloved mother Bertha born Neuhaus is in Theresienstadt concentration camp at the age of 29 died. My sister Sophie was killed with her husband and four children in the Litzmannstadt ghetto, my sister Flora Weil, were rescued along with her two daughters while her husband and other children in Izbica ghetto perished, as did Rosel Eldod, with her husband and four very young children who were shot in Riga.
David Fröhlich, Brooklyn, N.Y.
My childhood memories, especially the last terrible years in Bad Mergentheim, I will never forget. Before Kristallnacht, November 8th-9.1938, everything was bearable, although the Hitler Youth used every opportunity to harass us Jewish children. My father was very ill with a high fever, so that he could not meet their planned work. The Jewish doctor Dr. Hirnheimer was already in the Dachau concentration camp, and all the other doctors in Mergentheim were too timid and cowardly, to help the sick Jewish fellow citizens. My parents and we three children were completely without knowledge of what atrocities where to happened in the Kristallnacht, because we slept undisturbed exceptional that night. When I look back now, it was like a miracle that we were spared. The next day was a lot of shouting in the street, so we stayed at home scary, because we already felt that something terrible had happened, which was then also confirmed the radio.
The neighbor of our grandmother, Mrs. Stern-Herzog, who lived in the Holzapfelgasse, came to us and told us that they had destroyed all in the synagogue and school. Many of the Jewish men, especially those who were on the blacklist, had beaten half to death, including our honorable Rabbi Dr. Moses Kahn. Those who could still walk were arrested that morning and taken to prison, and transported to the concentration camp of Dachau. My father asked my mother that she should go into the Holzapfelgasse to check on the Fröhlich’s grandmother, and how had she survived everything, since they all lived near the synagogue. We moved into a terrible anxiety and fear, so that I fell helplessly and I hid in the kitchen on the ground and prayed. Suddenly there was silence again, and I heard that the policeman had left the house without my father, because he saw that the Nazi doctor Dr. Weiß (White) treated him as he was seriously ill in reality. So my father had the good fortune to be spared from all the raids. Nevertheless, we did not dare to go out on the streets, until we heard the next morning, that the action was over. In contrast, an order came from the mayor's office that the Jewish community had to put everything back in order, which the Nazis had broken and bruised. And we children were taken to the cleanup service, I could not understand that you can be so thoughtless and wildly smashed everything. All chandeliers and lamps, prayer books and Torah scrolls, benches and galleries, as well as all the windows were shattered one after the other in the synagogue. Even the holy ark was not spared, in which we found pork skin. At school the harmonium (musical instruments), and all benches were smashed, torn books and notebooks and all smeared with ink. It was a cruel and horrible sight. When the war broke out in August 1939, we were allowed to have only one hour a day for any purchases outside, but this provision was changed again. We were able leave Bad Mergentheim on 28 0f August 1939, but not until we felt free and safe, and on the 1st of October 1939 crossed the Dutch border. A rewarding feeling came over us that we have come out of this hell even with their lives.
Dear Hermann,
Thank you for your dear letter, about which I was absolutely excited. I'm always happy for family members, getting to know even if only through letters. Unfortunately I have lost my parents very early and never consciously knew how. So I was particularly pleased to hear from you that you my family. When growing up you knew my Mother well. I would be very happy if you could come with your wife here, so I would have another opportunity to hear how my family was when they were young. Things that kids love to hear from the mouth of their parents, but I could never find anything.
I was ten months old when I had my good friend. Mother took to France. That was in the fall of 1939. My parents should have meet family, but before they got the immigration permit to France, the war broke out. They were living in Landau in the Palatinate. From there they went to Frankfurt and were deported from there. A little brother, who was born after me, came along with them. I myself found a second mother here, until I grew up to the age of 21. Then I got married and have a very good husband and three children. The two elders aged 9 and 7 years are girls, the youngest a two-year-old boy. My husband has a installation business for Sanitary equipment that goes well.
I have today written to Bad Mergentheim to the registry office to find out the exact date of birth of my mother, because I do not know exactly. As soon as I get an answer, I'll tell you.
I hope that you will take up my invitation to come here, and reply soon. I have enough space to accommodate you both. I assume that you have been now and then to Germany. But then you could well make a trip to here. We do not live far from Metz in Lorraine. If you come by plane, you could fly to Luxembourg, where we would pick you up, because that is very close to us. I hope to hear soon from you and remain with kind regards from me and my family.
Your cousin Hilda
* Hilde Burg was the daughter of deaf Irma Gersmann at 26th June was born in 1899, daughter of Abraham Fechenbach in Bad Mergentheim.
We are looking to see if anyone knows who these happy ladies are that Hermann Fechenbach or his wife Greta Batze may have photographed.